EVALUASI DAN PENENTUAN JENIS TANAH DI KABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT EVALUATION AND DETERMINATION OF LAND IN THE DISTRICT OF WEST SERAM

Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tanah di Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat  Provinsi Maluku, dilaksanakan pada tahun 2013 menggunakan Sistem Klasifikasi  Taksonomi Tanah (Soil Survay Staff, 2010). Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan lima ordo tanah menurunkan sebanyak tujuh sub-ordo, sembilan grup, dan 15 subgrup tanah. Ordo Entisol menurunkan tiga subgroup, yaitu Lythic Udorthents, Typic Udorrthents, dan Typic Quartzipsamments. Ordo Molisols menurunkan dua subgroup, yaitu Lythic Hapludolls dan Typic Hapludolls. Ordo Inceptisol menurunkan tujuh subgroup, yaitu Fluventic Endoaquepts, Vertic Endoaquepts, Typic Endoaquepts, Lythic Dystrudepts, Typic Dystrudepts, Aquic Eutrudepts, dan Typic Eutrudepts. Ordo Alfisols menurunkan satu subgroup, yaitu Typic Hapludalfs. Ordo Ultisols menurunkan dua subgroup, yaitu Typic Paleudults dan Typic Hapludults. Pada umumnya tanah-tanah di daerah penelitian merupakan tanah belum mengalami perkembangan horizon dan memiliki solum tanah dari dangkal sampai dalam. Warna tanah bervariasi dari coklat hinga kuning kemerahan. Tekstur liat sampai berpasir, konsistensi sampai lekat, kedalaman efektif dangkal sampai dalam, dan pH tanah sangat masam sampai agak alkalis. Keadaan landform datar hingga bergunung.

The research aims to identify the land in the district of West Seram Maluku Province, carried out in 2013 using Classification System Soil Taxonomy (Soil Survay Staff, 2010). From the results of the study found five orders of soil lowered as much as seven sub-orders, nine groups and 15 subgroups ground. Order of Entisol lowered three subgroups, namely Lythic Udorthents, Typic Udorrthents, and Typic Quartzipsamments. Order of Molisols down two subgroups, namely Lythic Hapludolls and Typic Hapludolls. Order of Inceptisol lowered seven subgroups, namely Fluventic Endoaquepts, Vertic Endoaquepts, Typic Endoaquepts, Lythic Dystrudepts, Typic Dystrudepts, Aquic Eutrudepts, and Typic Eutrudepts. Order of Alfisols lowered one subgroup, ie Typic Hapludalfs. Order of Ultisols down two subgroups, namely Typic Paleudults and Typic Hapludults. In general, the soils in the study area is the land has not been progressing and has solum soil horizon from shallow to deep. Ground color varies from yellow hinga reddish brown. Loamy to sandy texture, consistency until sticky, effective depth of shallow to deep, and very sour soil pH to slightly alkaline. Flat, hilly landform circumstances.