PENGARUH DOSIS PUPUK KCL DAN PUPUK KANDANG SAPI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL BAWANG MERAH DI TANAH PODSOLIK MERAH KUNING KALIMANTAN BARAT

Abstract

Shallots are a vegetable crop that has many uses and high economic value, potential, and prospective development in the red and yellow podzolic soil (PMK) of West Kalimantan. Using the right dose of KCL fertilizer and cow manure (manure) is expected to increase the growth and yield of shallots on PMK land. This research aims to determine the effect of administering doses of KCL fertilizer and cow manure on the growth and yield of shallots on PMK land. This research was conducted at IP2TP Sungai Kakap and BPTP West Kalimantan, using polybags, from February to April 2023. The experimental design used was a factorial randomized block design consisting of 2 factors, namely the first factor, KCL fertilizer dosage (k0: 0 kg/ha, k1: 200 kg/ha, and k2: 300 kg/ha), and the second factor, the dose of cow manure (d1: 5 kg/ha, d2: 10 kg/ha, and d3: 15 kg/ha). The observed variables included plant height, number of leaves, number of tubers, tuber diameter, and wet and dry weight of the tubers. The results showed that the single treatment dose of KCL fertilizer was significantly different on plant height; the interaction between the treatment doses of cow manure and KCL fertilizer was not significantly different on all observed variables. Meanwhile, a single treatment with a dose of cow manure (d2) of 10 tons/ha was significantly different on the number of leaves, and a single treatment with a dose of cow manure (d3) of 15 tons/ha was able to have a significantly different effect on the results of the wet and dry weight of the tubers.

Keywords: Dosage of KCL Fertilizer and Cow Manure, Shallots, PMK Soil

INTISARI

Bawang merah merupakan tanaman sayur yang mempunyai banyak kegunaan dan nilai ekonomis tinggi, potensial, dan prospektif dikembangkan di tanah podsolik merah kuning (PMK) Kalimantan Barat. Penggunaan dosis pupuk KCL dan pupuk kandang (pukan) sapi yang tepat diharapkan dapat meningkatkan  pertumbuhan dan hasil bawang merah di tanah PMK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian dosis pupuk KCL dan pukan sapi terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil bawang merah di tanah PMK. Penelitian ini dilakukan di IP2TP Sungai Kakap BPTP Kalimantan Barat, menggunakan polybag, pada bulan Februari sampai April 2023. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor yaitu faktor pertama dosis pupuk KCL (k0 : 0 kg/ha, k1 : 200 kg/ha, dan k2 : 300 kg/ha), faktor kedua dosis pukan sapi (d1 : 5 ton/ha, d2 : 10 ton/ha, dan d3 : 15 ton/ha). Variabel amatan yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah umbi, diameter umbi, berat basah dan kering umbi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tunggal dosis pupuk KCL berbeda nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, interaksi antar perlakuan dosis pukan sapi dengan pupuk KCL tidak berbeda nyata terhadap semua variabel amatan. Sedangkan perlakuan tunggal dosis pukan sapi (d2) 10 ton/ha berbeda nyata terhadap jumlah daun, dan perlakuan tunggal dosis pukan sapi (d3) 15 ton/ha mampu memberikan pengaruh berbeda nyata pada hasil berat basah dan kering umbi.

Kata kunci : Dosis Pupuk KCL dan Pupuk Kandang Sapi, Bawang Merah, Tanah PMK