APLIKASI PENGURANGAN PUPUK ANORGANIK DENGAN PEMBERIAN PUPUK HAYATI TERHADAP KETERSEDIAAN HARA DAN PERTUMBUHAN JAGUNG MANIS DI LAHAN GAMBUT

Abstract

The productivity of sweet corn in the community is still low, this is due to factors limiting growth, one of which is soil fertility. The way to overcome peat soil problems is to use inorganic fertilizer accompanied by the application of biological fertilizer. The aim of the research is to determine the interaction of the use of inorganic fertilizers and biological fertilizers on nutrient availability and the growth of sweet corn on peatlands and to obtain the best dose of inorganic fertilizers and biological fertilizers. The research was carried out at a location located on Jln. Agreed 2, Gang Racana UNTAN, Southeast Pontianak District. This research was conducted June 14 – August 28 2023. Research using a Factorial Randomized Group Design (RAK) field experiment with 2 treatment factors with 3 replications. The first factor is Inorganic Fertilizer (A) consisting of 3 treatment levels, namely: a1 = recommended dose; a2= 75% recommended dose; and a3 = 50% of the recommended dose. The second factor is the dose of Sinar Bio biofertilizer (P) consisting of 3 treatment levels, namely p1= 45 kg/ha ≈ 1.00 g/plant; p2= 60 kg/ha ≈ 1.33 g/plant; and p3= 75 kg/ha ≈1.67 g/plant. The variables observed were nutrient availability, plant height, number of leaves, root volume, plant dry weight, harvest index, total leaf area. The research results showed that nutrient availability after incubation on the research land included very low to high criteria. There is an interaction between inorganic fertilizer and biological fertilizer on the growth of Sweet Corn on Peatlands, and the interaction of inorganic fertilizer at 75% of the recommended dose is equivalent to (Urea 4.21 g/plant, SP-36 2.11 g/plant, KCL 1.41) g/plant and biofertilizer at a dose of 60 kg/ha equivalent to 1.33 g/plant can increase the growth of sweet corn on peatlands.

 Keywords: Peat, Nutrient Availability, Growth, Inorganic Fertilizer, Biological Fertilizer

 INTISARI

Produktivitas jagung manis di masyarakat masih rendah, hal ini disebabkan adanya faktor pembatas pertumbuhan salah satunya kesuburan tanah. Cara mengatasi permasalahan tanah gambut adalah penggunaan pupuk anorganik disertai pemberian pupuk hayati.Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengetahui interaksi penggunaan pupuk anorganik dan pupuk hayati terhadap ketersediaan hara dan pertumbuhan  jagung manis pada lahan gambut dan mendapatkan dosis terbaik dari pupuk anorganik dan pupuk hayati. Penelitian dilaksanakan di lokasi yang terletak di Jl. Sepakat 2, Gang Racana UNTAN, Kecamatan Pontianak Tenggara. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan tanggal 14 Juni – 28 Agustus 2023. Penelitian dengan percobaan lapangan Faktorial Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 2 faktor perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor Pertama adalah Pupuk Anorganik (A) terdiri dari 3 taraf perlakuan yaitu: a1= dosis anjuran; a2=  75% dosis; dan a3= 50%  dosis anjuran. Faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk hayati Sinar Bio (P) terdiri dari 3 taraf perlakuan yaitu p1= 45 kg/ha ≈ 1,00 g/tanaman;  p2= 60 kg/ha ≈ 1,33 g/tanaman; dan p3= 75 kg/ha ≈1,67 g/tanaman. Variabel yang diamati yaitu ketersediaan hara, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, volume akar, berat kering tanaman, indeks panen, luas daun total.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketersediaan hara setelah inkubasi pada lahan penelitian termasuk kriteria sangat rendah sampai tinggi. Terjadi interaksi antara pupuk anorganik dan pupuk hayati terhadap pertumbuhan Jagung Manis pada Lahan Gambut, dan Interaksi pupuk anorganik 75% dosis anjuran setara dengan (Urea 4,21 g/tanaman, SP-36 2,11 g/tanaman, KCL 1,41) g/tanaman dan pupuk hayati dosis 60 kg/ha setara dengan 1,33 g/tanaman dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan jagung manis pada lahan gambut.

 Kata kunci: Gambut, Ketersediaan Hara, Pertumbuhan, Pupuk Anorganik, Pupuk Hayati